HISTORY OF YOUSAFZAI

 YOUSAFZAI OR YUSUFZAI                                        

Yousafzai or Yousafzai, historically also called Yousafzai Afghan, is one of the largest ethnic Pashtun tribes. The origin of the tribes is Kandahar, Afghanistan.

They live locally in northern and eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from where they migrated in the 16th century to Kabul and parts of eastern Afghanistan. Apart from these countries, they are also found in large numbers in Rohil Khand, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Their name may be derived from the names of Aspasivi and Avakan, who were the ancient inhabitants of the Kunar, Swat and adjoining valleys in the Hindu Kush. The youngest Nobel laureate, Malala Yousafzai, belongs to the Yousafzai tribe.

Most Yousafzai speak a northern type of Pashto. Yousafzai dialect is considered respected in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhw                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

ETYMOLOGY 

 In Pashto phonetics, it is found only in loan words and its name is usually called Yūsəpzay. The name literally means "son of Yusuf" in Pashto. Yousef (Yousef) is an Arabic and Arabic masculine given name meaning "(God) will include.                                                                                    

According to some experts, including philologist J.W. The name McCrandle, Yaspoze is derived from the tribal names of Spasioi and Isakinoi - the ancient inhabitants of the Kunar and Swat valleys who offered resistance when Alexander invaded their land in 327-326 BC. According to the historian RC, Majumdar, Isaknoi were either affiliated with the great Spashiwei or a branch of them, and these two ancient tribal names were probably derived from the word Iwak, which literally means "horseman", "horse breeder". ", Or" equestrian "(from Eva or spa, Sanskrit and Austrian words for" horse ").

McCrandl noted: "The name Ioka indicates that his country was famous in ancient times, as it is today for the high breed of horses. The fact is that the Greeks translated his name. What in "Hapasiui" (from, a horse) indicates that they will be aware of its etiological indications.

The name Awakan or Iskan is also preserved in the Afghan name, a historical lineage for all Pashtuns.        

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          

Mythical genealogy

The 17th-century Mughal courtier Nimatullah al-Harwi, according to a well-known legendary lineage in his book Tarkhan Khan Jahani and Makhzan-e-Awal-e-Afghanistan, inherited the Yusufzai tribe from his famous ancestor, Yusuf, who was the son of Mand. Khasha (or Khakha) had a son, who was the son of Qand, who was the son of Khrushban, who was the son of Saban (who was the forerunner of the Serbian tribal alliance), who was the son of Qais Abdul Rashid (former of all Pashtuns) Qais was the son of Abdul Rashid Afghani, the grandson of King Saul of Israel and the commander-in-chief of Solomon's army. Qais was claimed to be a contemporary of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a relative of the Arab commander Khalid bin al-Waleed. When Khalid ibn al-Waleed carefully called Qais to Madinah, Qais converted to Islam and the Prophet named him Abdul Rashid (meaning "leader of the right path" or "servant of God" in Arabic). Abdul Rashid Ghor returned and introduced Islam there. The book states that Yusuf's grandfather (and Mand's father), Khasha also had two other sons, Mak and Turkali, who were descendants of the Gigiani and Turkani tribes, respectively. Yusuf had a brother, Omar, a forerunner of the Mandran tribe, who is closely related to Yusufzai.


1595 Mughal account Ain Akbari also mentions the tradition of the Israeli race among the Pashtuns, which shows that this tradition was already popular among the Pashtuns of the 16th century. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          

  HISTORY   

In the early modern period, the Yousafzai tribe of the Pashtuns was first mentioned in the Babar Nama, when the Timurid ruler of Fergana (in present-day Uzbekistan), Babar, captured Kabul in 1504. On January 21, 1519, two weeks after the Bajaur massacre, Babar wrote: "On Friday we marched towards Swat (Swat) with the intention of attacking the Yousafzai Afghans, and the Panjkora water and Chandowal (Jandol). And landed in the middle of the common waters of Bajaur. Shah Mansoor Yousafzai had brought something, very tasty and quite intoxicating.

As part of the Yousafzai peace treaty with the Afghans, Babar married Bibi Mubarak, daughter of Yousafzai Sardar Shah Mansoor, on 30 January 1519. Mubarak was instrumental in establishing friendly relations between Babar and Yusufzai Pashtun chiefs, who later founded the Mughals. Empire after defeating the Pashtun Sultan Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat in 1526 Mir Jamal Yousafzai, one of Mubarak's brothers, came to India with Babar in 1525 and later held high positions under the Mughal emperors Humayun and Akbar.                   

Clashes with Mughal forces

During the 1580s, many Yusufzai and Mandans revolted against the Mughals and joined the Pir Roshan Roshani movement. In late 1585, the Mughal emperor Akbar sent troops under Zain Khan Koka and Barbal to quell the revolt. In February 1586, the Yusufzai Lashkar, led by Kalu Khan, killed about 8,000 Mughal soldiers, including Barbal, near the Karakar Pass between Swat and Buner. This was the greatest catastrophe faced by the Mughal army in Akbar's time. 

DURRANI

Ahmad Shah Durrani (1747–1772), the founder of the Afghan Durrani Empire, divided all Pashtun tribes into four groups (tribal alliances) for administrative purposes, Durrani, Ghilji, Sur and Bar Durrani (Upper Durrani). Yousafzai joined the Durrani Confederation along with other eastern Pashtun tribes, including the Mohmand, Afridi, Bangash and Khattak. Bar Durrani was also known as Rohila, and consisted of a large number of Pashtuns who settled in Rohail Khand, India. 

Today, many Yousafzai settle in India, especially in Farrukhabad along the Rohel Khand area, which was founded in 1714 by the Pashtun Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash. 

In 1849, Yusufzai established the state of Swat under the leadership of Saidu Baba, who appointed Syed Akbar Shah, a descendant of Pir Baba, as the first emir. After the death of Akbar Shah in 1857, Saidu Baba took control of the state. In 1897, the British Raj took over Dir and named Sharif Khan Akhund Khel, the ruler of Dir, as "Nawab of Dir" (1886–1904) and Mian Gul Abdul Wadud, ruler of Swat (1918–1949).

The princely states of Swat and Dir existed until 1969, after which they were annexed to West Pakistan, and then in 1970 their territory in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) is part of what is now Buner, Lower Dir. , Upper Dir, Malakand, Shangla and Swat districts.